วิทยานิพนธ์ (Thesis)

Antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activities of Chinese herbs: huang qin, huang lian, and huang bai

2025-07-24T08:59:13Z

Antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activities of Chinese herbs: huang qin, huang lian, and huang bai Saloem Salot Mayuramas Wilai The three Chinese herbs such as Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang Qin), Coptis chinensis Franch (Huang Lian), Phellodendron chinense Scheid (Huang Bai) and their combination are associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects based on their contain of flavonoids and alkaloids. The antioxidants, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory properties, and synergistic interaction were conducted to investigate the effect of these plant extracts. The antioxidant activities of individual, binary, and triple combinations were determined using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The results indicated that the paired and triple combinations exhibited superior antioxidant activities than individual extracts with the synergistic index (SI) confirmations, which both paired and triple indicated synergistic or strong synergistic interaction, particularly the triple combination, with IC50 values of 168.79 ± 21.31 µg/mL (DPPH) and 210.34 ± 9.14 µg/mL (ABTS) and FRAP value of 307.37±6.07 mg TE/g extract. The cytotoxicity effect of individual extract was performed using HaCaT, MRC-5, L6, RAW 264.7, and Vero monkey cells. Huang Qin exhibits the highest toxicity compared to Huang Lian and Huang Bai. The cell survival of all extracts showed a dose-dependent relationship across all treatments. Additionally, all the combinations demonstrated stronger toxicity to the cell viability, particularly the L6 and Vero cell lines, than the single extract. The anti-inflammatory effects of single, paired, and triple combinations of these plants were evaluated by measuring NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The combination of Huang Qin and Huang Bai has the most potent anti-inflammatory effect, with an IC50 of 44.88 ± 1.34 µg/mL, which was not significantly different from that of Huang Qin alone with an IC50 of 61.48 ± 9.94 µg/mL (p < 0.05). The study's results indicated that the combinations of Huang Qin, Huang Lian, and Huang Bai, particularly the triple combination exhibited heightened antioxidant activities, while the pairing of Huang Qin and Huang Bai showed the most potent anti-inflammatory effects. This data may facilitate the selection of a suitable plant extract for the application. Specifically, it may function as a supporting component in pharmaceutical formulations and active compounds in cosmetics, addressing issues such as oxidative stress, skin inflammation, and aging-related conditions. Thesis (M.Sc.) -- Creative Innovation in Cosmetic Science, School of Cosmetic Science. Mae Fah Luang University, 2024

Study of phytochemicals and biological properties of galangal and bitter ginger extracts for cosmetic and beauty applications

2025-07-14T07:11:47Z

Study of phytochemicals and biological properties of galangal and bitter ginger extracts for cosmetic and beauty applications Tanat Na Nongkhai Tinnakorn Theansungnoen Acne vulgaris, a common inflammatory skin disorder, is often exacerbated by bacterial colonization, particularly Cutibacterium acnes. Conventional treatments, including antibiotics and topical agents, are increasingly challenged by antibiotic resistance and side effects, prompting the exploration of plant-based alternatives. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of galangal (Alpinia galanga) and bitter ginger (Zingiber zerumbet) extracts for cosmetic applications, focusing on their phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial efficacy against acne-associated bacteria. Extracts were obtained from rhizomes, stems, and leaves using methanol and ethanol as solvents and analyzed via and LC-MS/MS to identify bioactive compounds. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated using DPPH assay, while broth microdilution assays assessed antimicrobial activity against C. acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. To enhance applicability, hydrogel formulations incorporating the extracts were developed and evaluated for pH, viscosity, color stability, and long-term durability under cyclic temperature stress conditions. The findings revealed that rhizome extracts exhibited superior antioxidant activity, with IC50 values comparable to standard antioxidants. Antimicrobial assays identified significant inhibitory effects, particularly from rhizome extracts, with low MIC and MBC values against acne-associated bacteria. Hydrogel formulations exhibited excellent stability, maintaining homogeneity, viscosity, and pH throughout testing, confirming their suitability as carriers for bioactive compounds. This research highlights the potential of galangal and bitter ginger as plant-based alternatives for acne treatment, offering natural, effective, and stable skincare solutions. Thesis (M.Sc.) -- Creative Innovation in Cosmetic Science, School of Cosmetic Science. Mae Fah Luang University, 2024

Evaluation of microwave assisted extraction of Naringi crenulata leaves for utilization in skincare essence

2025-06-18T03:52:08Z

Evaluation of microwave assisted extraction of Naringi crenulata leaves for utilization in skincare essence Khine Mon Yee Hlaing Naphatsorn Ditthawutthikul Naringi crenulata, or Thanaka, is a medicinal plant possessing antioxidant, astringent, and anti-inflammation properties, making it a promising ingredient for cosmetic formulations. This study investigated the extraction of bioactive compounds from N. crenulata leaves, using microwave-assisted extraction with ethanol at varying concentrations (50%, 70%, and 95%). Bioactive compounds such as total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total tannin content (TTC), and astringent activity, antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays of the extracts were assessed using colorimetric assays. Among the tested solvents, 50% ethanol achieved the highest extraction yield (16.81%) and maximized bioactive compound recovery (TPC 11.76 ± 0.38 GAE mg/g dry plant, TFC 19.35 ± 0.32 QE mg/g dry plant, 11.51 ± 0.07 TAE mg/g dry plant), along with maximized antioxidant properties (3.35 ± 0.04 AAE mg/g dry plant by DPPH and 3.57 ± 0.05 AAE mg/g dry plant by FRAP method) with IC₅₀ value of 624.6 ± 28.95 µg/mL for DPPH radical scavenging activity. In contrast, 95% ethanol demonstrated the highest astringency 64.94 ± 0.13%. These findings highlight the critical importance of solvent polarity in enhancing the extraction of phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins. The 50% ethanol extract was selected to further formulate into cosmetic formulation because it has the highest antioxidant potential and its integration into essence cosmetic formulations were assessed through heating-cooling cycles and one month of storage at different temperatures (room temperature, 4°C, and 45°C). This study emphasized the overlooked potential of N. crenulata leaves within the field of cosmetic science. Future research may concentrate on techniques to improve stability, evaluate clinical effectiveness, and expand its cosmetic uses. Thesis (M.Sc.) -- Creative Innovation in Cosmetic Science, School of Cosmetic Science. Mae Fah Luang University, 2024