http://mfuir.mfu.ac.th:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/397 2026-04-19T15:43:37Z http://mfuir.mfu.ac.th:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/1664 Bioactive compounds from goji berry for cosmetic products Chalinee Janta Tharakorn Maneerat Thesis (M.Sc.) -- Applied Chemistry, School of Science. Mae Fah Luang University, 2021 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://mfuir.mfu.ac.th:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/1450 Development for boron analysis method in soil using a fluorescence sensor Ketsuda Pawong Kanchana Watla-iad Boron is an essential soil micronutrient critical for plant physiology, supporting fruit development, cellular growth, and cell wall integrity. Both boron deficiency and excess are highly detrimental to plant health, causing stunted growth, fruit abnormalities, or toxicity symptoms, respectively. Therefore, accurate determination of soil boron concentrations is crucial for maintaining optimal nutrient levels to enhance crop productivity and ensure overall plant health. In this work, a homemade fluorescence spectrometer consisting of an LDR sensor and 365 nm light source was developed for effective boron detection in soil samples. N-(9-Anthrylmethyl)diethanolamine was synthesized and utilized as a fluorescent reagent specifically for boron ion detection. The fluorescent reagent volume, pH conditions, and incubation time parameters were systematically studied and optimized. Under these optimized experimental conditions, the analytical system demonstrated excellent linear correlation (R² = 0.9983) over a working concentration range of 5.7×10⁻⁷ to 5.7×10⁻³ M. Method validation was conducted at the 95% confidence level using soil samples (n = 7), with the developed sensor results statistically compared to those obtained by the standard ICP-MS method. The results showed no statistically significant difference between the developed sensor and ICP-MS methods, with the calculated t-value (1.343) being less than the critical t-value (2.447). The method achieved lower detection limits with reagent stability successfully maintained for 30 days. The developed sensor provides a viable, cost-effective alternative to ICP-MS for routine boron analysis in agricultural applications. Thesis (M.Sc.) -- Applied Chemistry, School of Science. Mae Fah Luang University, 2025 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://mfuir.mfu.ac.th:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/1414 Chemical constituents and biological activities from Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. Sirachuch Maungprasert Surat Laphookhieo Phytochemical investigation of bark and twig of Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. led to the isolation of 22 known compounds, including 13 xanthones (GXBA-sm1 (formoxanthone C), GXBA-sm2 (euxanthone), GXBA-sm3 (pyranojacreubin), GXBA-sm4 (7-geranyloxy-1,3-dihydroxyxanthone), GXBA-sm7 (6-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy xanthone), GXBA-sm8 (xanthone V1), GXBA-sm10 (morusignin I), GXBA-sm11 (dulxanthone B), GXBA-sm12 (1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone), GXTM-sm19 (2,5-dihydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone), GXTM-sm20 (2,6-dihydroxy-1,5-dimethoxyxanthone), GXTM-sm21 (1,2,5-trihydroxyxanthone), and GXTM-sm22 (1,2,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone)), six of flavonoid scaffolds (GXBA-sm6 (kaempferol), GXBA-sm9 ((2R,3S)-morelloflavone), GXTM-sm13 (GB-2a), GXTM-sm14 (GB-1), GXTM-sm15 ((2S,2'S,3R)-GB-1a), and GXTM-sm16 (volkensiflavone)), two of benzene derivatives (GXTM-sm17 (4-hydroxybenzoic acid) and GXTM-sm18 (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid)), and one anthraquinone (GXBA-sm5 (damnacanthal)). In addition, metabolite profiling by UHPLC-QTOF-MS was also investigated, resulting in the identification of 14 xanthones, 6 flavonoids, and 2 benzene derivatives. The extracts and some isolated compounds were also evaluated for their antioxidant and in vitro anticancer activities against four human cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-231 (breast), Huh-7 (liver), A549 (lung), and SW480 (colon). Antioxidant assays revealed that the methanol bark extract (GXBM) showed the highest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 23.4 ± 1.0 µg/mL), while the dichloromethane bark extract (GXBD) showed the strongest activity in ABTS (IC50 = 133.8 ± 1.7 µg/mL) and FRAP (IC50 = 104.1 ± 3.2 µg/mL) assays. The isolated compound, (2R,3S)-morelloflavone (GXBA-sm9) exhibited potent antioxidant activity across all assays: DPPH (34.5 ± 0.7 µM), ABTS (298.7 ± 11.0 µM), and FRAP (92.2 ± 0.2 µM), surpassing standard antioxidants ascorbic acid and BHT (IC50 = 44.1 ± 6.6 µM and 414.3 ± 12.6 µM in DPPH assay, 129.6 ± 0.8 µM and 174.7 ± 3.4 µM in ABTS assay, and 245.4 ± 8.6 µM and 1162.1 ± 16.8 µM in FRAP assay). Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and colony formation were assessed via MTT, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, and colony formation assays. Among all extracts, the hexane extract (GXBH) demonstrated the strongest cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 66.9 ± 5.1 µg/mL (MDA-MB-231), 64.7 ± 14.9 µg/mL (Huh-7), 80.0 ± 11.9 µg/mL (A549), and 65.4 ± 7.8 µg/mL (SW480). 7-Geranyloxy-1,3-dihydroxyxanthone (GXBA-sm4) also showed strong activity against MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 24.5 ± 2.31 µM). GXBH significantly induced apoptosis and inhibited colony formation in all four cell lines. These findings demonstrate the potential of G. xanthochymus as a natural source of antioxidants and anticancer agents, supporting its development as an alternative therapeutic candidate. Thesis (M.Sc.) -- Applied Chemistry, School of Science. Mae Fah Luang University, 2025 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://mfuir.mfu.ac.th:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/1209 Influence of soil properties on the curcuminoid content of Curcuma longa L. cultivated in Chiang Rai, Thailand Naronk Duangkaew Kanchana Watla-iad Soil properties are major factors that impact Turmeric (Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae) growth and quality. The Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia (THP) recommended that dried turmeric should contain not less than 5.0% w/w of total curcuminoids (TC) content. The effect of soil properties on extraction yields and TC contents of turmeric rhizomes was investigated in this study. Twenty-three samples of turmeric rhizome and soils were collected in various cultivation site in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Clustering analysis was used and three group clusters were found; C1, C2, and C3. Two turmeric cultivars; Trang1 (T1) and Trang 84-2 (T84-2) were cultivated in these areas. C1 cultivated both T1 and T84-2 with highest soil pH (4.642±0.802). C2 cultivated exclusively T84-2 with high soil potassium (K) (1821.43 ± 533.63 mg/kg), and C3 cultivated exclusively T1 with high soil calcium (1941.93 ± 686.52 mg/kg). T-test and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were utilized and found that turmeric qualities between two cultivars was significantly different, with T1 having a higher % yield (p-value = 0.0014), % total curcuminoid (p-value = 0.0131), and % bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) (p-value = 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis was used to find a relationship between soil properties and turmeric qualities. T1 was found having consistent turmeric qualities compared T84-2, which reacted negatively to various soil properties in this study (r<-0.4). This study can be used to understanding the characteristic of turmeric cultivar for managing the extraction yield of turmeric rhizomes by adjusting the soil properties appropriated for each turmeric cultivar. Thesis (M.Sc.) -- Applied Chemistry, School of Science. Mae Fah Luang University, 2025 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z