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Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Health Literacy Toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine : A Cross-Sectional Study Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bali, Indonesia

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dc.contributor.author Ni Made Umi Kartika Dewi en_US
dc.contributor.author Ni Made Diah Novikasari en_US
dc.contributor.author I Gusti Ayu Rai Widowati en_US
dc.contributor.author Ni Luh Seri Ani en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2025-09-26T11:58:49Z
dc.date.available 2025-09-26T11:58:49Z
dc.date.issued 2025-09-26
dc.identifier.citation Journal of Health Science and Alternative Medicine. Vol.7, No.2 (May - August 2025) : p.17-27 en_US
dc.identifier.issn 2673-0294
dc.identifier.uri http://mfuir.mfu.ac.th:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/1114
dc.description บทความ (Article) en_US
dc.description.abstract Introduction: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is widely utilized by individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), particularly in culturally embedded communities. However, misconceptions related to CAM health literacy may lead to health risks and are potentially shaped by sociodemographic factors. This study aimed to examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and misconceptions related to CAM health literacy among patients with T2DM in Denpasar, Bali. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Osadha Klinik Pratama, Denpasar, from February to April 2025. Using purposive sampling, 104 T2DM patients were selected based on eligibility criteria. A validated 16-item questionnaire was used to assess misconceptions about CAM. Descriptive statistics were applied, and non-parametric tests, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis, were used to analyze associations between misconception scores and sociodemographic variables. Results: Gender was significantly associated with CAM knowledge, with male participants scoring higher (p-value = 0.041). While age, education, occupation, income, and diabetes duration did not show statistical significance, trends revealed greater misconceptions among younger adults, individuals with low income, and recently diagnosed patients. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for targeted, gender-sensitive educational strategies to address CAM-related misinformation. Strengthening health literacy through context-specific health communication is crucial to ensuring safe CAM use among diabetic populations. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University en_US
dc.subject Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) en_US
dc.subject Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) en_US
dc.subject Health literacy Sociodemographic factors en_US
dc.title Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Health Literacy Toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine : A Cross-Sectional Study Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bali, Indonesia en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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